Matrix diagonalis

Matrix diagonalis est matrix quadrata, cuius elementa omnia extra diagonalem principalem zeronis valorem habent. Saepe scribitur:

$D=\mathrm{d}\mathrm{i}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{g}(d_1,d_2,\dots ,d_n)=\left(\begin{array}{cccc}{d}_1& 0& \cdots & 0\\ 0& d_2& \ddots & ⋮\\ ⋮& \ddots & \ddots & 0\\ 0& \cdots & 0& d_n\end{array}\right)$.

Matrix diagonalis, cui omnes numeri $d_1,d_2,\dots d_n$ aequales sunt, matrix "scalaris" vocatur.